Ressources documentaires sur l’intelligence artificielle
🔸 Mise à jour : section Guides (autres thèmes)
▶️ Ajouts de ressources du Gouvernement fédéral du Canada et des Nations unies sur le domaine militaire
https://cltr.blogspot.com/2025/10/ressources-documentaires-sur.html
#IA #intelligence #artificiel #militaire #Canada #ONU #AI #tech #média #MDN #FAC #UNIDIR #guerre #paix #géopolitique

Approach The Bench: #Judge Yew #Warns Of #Deepfake #Evidence
After decades on the bench of the Santa Clara County Superior Court, Judge Erica Yew began to regard the #future of #courtroom evidence with some trepidation, as the rapid evolution of #artificial #intelligence made it easier to #falsify #documents, #photos and #videos.[Law360]

How the United States Lost a Nuclear Device and Recovered an Indian Friend

It started at a Washington cocktail party, when an Air Force general listened to a mountaineer describe the…
#NewsBeep #News #Headlines #India #Intelligence #UnitedStates #World
https://www.newsbeep.com/384158/

[#TRADESHOW] The 3rd #China #Embodied #Intelligent #Robot #Industry #Conference & #Exhibition (#Hangzhou) 2026 will be held from March 11 to 13, 2026, at Hangzhou #International #Expo #Center. As one of China’s #leading #platforms dedicated to the rapidly expanding field of embodied #intelligence and intelligent #robotics, the exhibition #highlights #breakthroughs in #humanoid #robots, #industrial #automation, #companion robots, and #AI-driven #robotic #technologies. https://cnbusinessforum.com/event/the-3rd-china-embodied-intelligent-robot-industry-conference-exhibition-hangzhou-2026/

"A US #intelligence official has alleged wrongdoing by Director of National Intelligence #TulsiGabbard in a whistleblower complaint that is so highly classified it has sparked months of wrangling over how to share it with #Congress...

It also implicates another federal agency beyond Gabbard’s, and raises potential claims of executive privilege that may involve the #WhiteHouse"
https://www.wsj.com/politics/national-security/classified-whistleblower-complaint-about-tulsi-gabbard-stalls-within-her-agency-027f5331?st=SYNN9K&reflink=desktopwebshare_permalink

#Trump #GOP #Politics #Corruption #Crime #News #Press #USA #UnitedStates #America

Intelligence artificielle
🔸 Le personnel supérieur quitte OpenAI alors que l'entreprise donne la priorité au développement de ChatGPT
https://arstechnica.com/ai/2026/02/senior-staff-departing-openai-as-firm-prioritizes-chatgpt-development/
#IA #AI #OpenAI #ChatGPT #intelligence #artificielle #science #tech #informatique #Internet #affaires #USA

LLMs are masters of the "Understood"—the vast library of human output. But they lack "Understanding"—the creative spark that generates those concepts in the first place.

https://www.ocrampal.com/the-understood-understanding-gap-why-llms-hit-a-wall/

#philosophy #science #psychology #AI #intelligence #cogsci #philpsy #neurosky

Psychologist explains why praising people's efforts instead of their results leads to better outcomes

https://fed.brid.gy/r/https://www.upworthy.com/psychologist-explains-why-praising-peoples-efforts-instead-of-their-results-actually-lead-to-better-outcomes

IQ testing is a technology. In this case it falls into a category with other technologies--medicine (everything from unconscious white bias by MDs to bogus "diseases" applying only to nonwhite people), educational methods (our K-12 and higher ed methods and systems are still struggling to provide equitable learning opportunities), and all things tech. Computer and internet access and skills, just like TV and radio in past generations have fallen into a deeply unequal society and therefore become reflections of--or sometimes contributors to--that inequality. More aggressively, technologies for surveillance and population control have either implicitly or explicitly supported the unequal status quo: Telephones with the FBI or NSA involved, all the machinery and equipment in the war on drugs, spy technologies and infrastructure of the cold war, and now Palantir and its nasty little AI cousins tracking activists and doing "crime prediction".

I don't think technologies are bad or evil in themselves (though I'm open to counterexamples). I think technology is always power. Any useful or helpful or effective technology within a society in the grip of structured, motivated inequality and unequal distribution of power will become at least partly a tool of the people with power to keep it that way and even increase their dominance over others. Would the world be better off without IQ testing? It has done quite a lot of good, in addition to the awful things it's been used (or more often misused) for, so I don't know. I can't put the good and bad into helpful quantities to compare them, and I'm not sure that would even be the right approach to this.

9/9 (End)

#LongThread #psychology #iq #intelligence #history

The legacy of IQ so far is a mixed bag. IQ testing has been the mechanism--or excuse--for some truly horrific things. It is also the reason those horrific things (and other less horrific but still bad things) were based on an externally-validated test instead of on the "clinical judgment" of a psychiatrist, an MD, a teacher, or a judge, which would have made those awful things even more awful. IQ testing has been the mechanism used to create suffering and deepen injustice; it has also been used to alleviate or avoid suffering and to reduce injustice. Both things have happened. One of the main drivers of the use of intelligence testing as a tool of oppression has been white supremacy. (Note: intelligence testing has also been used as a tool or rationalization for oppression on any dimension of marginalization you can think of, but perhaps most prominently, in the US, for racial oppression)

IQ testing is a favorite of eugenicists and other racists. For 100 years or more there has been an insistence by "white" American bigots that nonwhite people are genetically inferior to white people. General, uspecified inferiority will never be enough because anything suggesting the influence of situations, systems, or environments leaves three fingers pointing back at the racists (note: "white" now includes those of Irish, Welsh, Scottish, Eastern European, slavic, and Southern European descent--major targets of eugenicists in past generations). The eugenicists latched onto IQ testing early on because it showed (and still shows) average differences between broad race categories in the US, with white groups on top.

The "genetically inferior" argument has never held up to an honest appraisal of the research: the mean IQ differences between broad racial groups in the US are accounted for by enviromental factors--poorer schools, less effective education, less early childhood enrichment, ongoing stress, and a spoonful of stereotype threat. In other words, science seems to show that average racial IQ differences are almost totally due to centuries-long systemic racism.

8/9

#LongThread #psychology #iq #intelligence #history #technology

Meanwhile, Lewis Terman was hard at work developing the Stanford-Binet Scale and promoting it. He also kicked off the USA's #gifted and talented programs: he used IQ testing and other methods for identifying children with high intellectual ability and advocated for this in all schools. He advocated special classes and programs for gifted and talented children. His fellow eugenicists loved this, of course, but so did the Department of Defense, especially as WWII and then the Cold War demanded minds to create things to beat the Germans and Japanese, then the Soviets.

Terman started the longest-running psychology study, involving hundreds of high-IQ children (now elderly people, most of whom have now died). What we learned from this study is still debated, though some outcomes are pretty interesting (and much of what Terman wished to learn just can't be learned because of study limitations). To me it is notable that most Americans seem surprised that Terman's projects--the Stanford-Binet and his studies of gifted children--were rooted in his eugenicist beliefs, which he never fully retracted, despite intense pressure.

Most of the children in his studies are not identified (note: this is good research ethics), but several have publicly self-identified. Overall, they seem grateful for the study, which rescued many children from bad situations and converted them from "throwaway children" into "gifted and talented children". In my reading of some of their accounts, they also don't seem aware that they were part of a study intended to show the genetic basis of high intelligence, much less that it was rooted in eugenics ideology.

7/9

#LongThread #psychology #iq #intelligence #history

From my grad history class notes: initially, there was an attempt to use Goddard's English translations of the Binet-Simon test to immigrants, but it took too long. Goddard (I think) created shorter versions of the tests, then wrote his own analogues (possibly including the "29 questions" test referenced here), because even the short versions took too long. Individual immigration agents, faced with long lines, began using single questions to decide who should stay and who should be deported. In many cases there was no cognitive evaluation, only a single CBP agent's judgment of whether a person looked "feeble-minded".

[Edit: I note a specific progression: Technology used for nasty reasons --> Technology dumbed down because using it appropriately is hard --> Technology almost absent, back to individual prejudices and other cognitive distortions]

Immigrants adapted to the best of their ability: people being sent back relayed what they remembered of the questions to others so they could pass the test. Even the "looking feeble-minded" assessment was hacked to some degree; apparently, some immigrants used atropine (extracted from belladonna) in their eyes to dilate their pupils, as sometimes still happens in optometrists' eye tests. This was believed to create the impression that they were bright-eyed and intelligent.

I am both mournful of those who got deported over questions of intelligence (as well as the moral failures involved in this system existing) and happy that it wasn't worse; apparently, 20% of immigrants were sequestered for medical or psychological reasons (usually temporarily), but only 2% (I am surprised by this) were deported during this period.

Yet another side note: both Goddard and (I think) Terman were involved in development of a combination psychological and IQ test for US #army recruits. This project wasn't ready for WWI, but by WWII developed into a #military cognitive assessment battery that continued to morph into the system used today.

6/9

#LongThread #psychology #iq #intelligence #history #technology

Back on topic: the Americans got involved with IQ testing. On the plus side, American psychologists had made some solid advances in psychometric measurement and theories of mental processes. Unfortunately, the American psychologists getting their fingers in this were H.H. Goddard, an open racist and eugenicist, and Lewis Terman, who was slightly more subtle about it. But only slightly. They--especially Terman--had impressive scientific background and skills. Goddard translated the tests to English. Terman then began rigorous evaluation and norming of the English version of the Binet-Simon tests. From 1916 to 1937 Terman, in communication with Binet and Simon, developed the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. Terman declined to put his own name on the scale as marketed to schools, etc., allegedly to not obscure Binet's work; weirdly, however, he erased Simon. Psychometrically, the Stanford-Binet Scale was a success and a big step forward in the measurement of psychological processes. The problem (as usual) wasn't the technology; it was some of the uses it was put to.

Goddard got IQ testing involved in immigration enforcement. He doesn't seem to have been the Very Most Eugenicist Douchebag involved in this, actually; in his papers (CW: language of the time and other issues) he can be seen insisting there were signfiicant environmental effects on intelligence. He and the Ellis Island folks, however, agreed that all immigrants should be subjected to this new screening technology and turned away if they weren't smart enough (I hope this sounds familiar).

5/9

#LongThread #psychology #iq #intelligence #history

Binet and Simon set about creating objective tests of intellectual ability. They created about 30 of these tests and piloted them in schools between about 1905 an 1910. The tests assessed intellectual ability using verbal, sensory, reasoning, and other methods. They standardized the administration and scoring of the tests, used teacher assessments of children's performance as test development criteria, and created age norms. These tests, as a bundle, were the Binet-Simon Intelligence Test.

Language note: Binet and Simon coined "mentally retarded" (in French, later translated to English). Retarded means "slowed down," and this was a much kinder, less stigmatizing label than those it replaced. It represented Binet's view that children with intellectual disabilities were not fundamentally different in their cognitive development from normative children; they had the same development process, only delayed. Research since the early 1900s has largely borne this hypothesis out, though the meaning behind the term "retarded" was eventually lost, replaced with only stigma.

It is notable that Binet & Simon did not see intelligence as a unidimensional quantitative construct. They viewed it as multidimensional and largely qualitative. They believed--in stark contrast to many scientific views at the time and since, including #eugenics--that intelligence was heavily influenced by environment and experiences, not just genetics. They wrote that the intelligence of children could not be validly compared unless the children were from very similar backgrounds, economically, socially, and educationally.

3/9

#LongThread #psychology #iq #intelligence #history #technology

Alfred Binet was a French psychologist in the late 1800s and early 1900s interested in educating children who did not perform well academically. At the time, legit medical/psychological terms for cognitive disabilities of all kinds included Idiot, Moron, Imbecile, and Feeble-Minded. These labels were applied to wide range of conditions, including those we now understand as intellectual disabilities (in all their many forms), learning disabilities, autism, and others. The standard assessment method was "clinical judgment" by a physician. A great number of European experts and laypersons alike thought such children could not live independently or productively, and should be sequestered from the rest of the public.

In about 1881 French law required mandatory public education of children from 6 to 12 or 13. This flooded schools with children and required many more teachers and schools than before. The previous system had arguably resulted in mostly children with higher privilege or exceptional academic ability going to school. Now all the kids were going, resulting in a large number of children who performed poorly on academic tasks. (Uncomfortable parallels with the US higher education system from the 1990s onward...)

Binet's considerable success as a research psychologist landed him on a commission set up by the French Ministry of Education to decide whether academically low-performing children should be mainstreamed (taught in schools with other children) or sent to a special boarding school that was incidentally attached to a lunatic asylum. Binet was in favor of mainstreaming and individualized education. Further, he and his colleague Théodore Simon (a psychiatrist) advocated objective scientific assessment of intellectual disability (etc.). I think he was ahead of his time on this; half a century (or more) of judgment and decision research shows that "clinical judgment" is robustly beaten by almost any standardized, systematic assessment--even if its validity is low, because humans can't even be consistent, let alone highly accurate; additionally, MDs and others who make such decisions (e.g., politicians, psychologists, CEOs...) tend to get more and more confident in the accuracy of their judgments as their careers progress, though the accuracy itself does not tend to get any higher. Checklists and psychometric scales are almost always more valid.

2/9

(Note: The link here gives some "take an IQ test online" bullshit. Never take an online IQ test; they're extremely low in validity and probably just harvesting data or training an LLM.)

#LongThread #psychology #iq #intelligence #history #technology

Some bits about the history of IQ. TL;DR: IQ is a technology that was developed for the best reasons and has been put to a variety of uses since then, including some very bad ones that have caused significant suffering.

1/n

#LongThread #psychology #iq #intelligence #history

Remember folks, how you treat your models today might affect how their more sophisticated descendants judge us a species. Just something to think about 😉 #ai #intelligence #future #humanity

Yet another Russian agent in this corrupt illegal administration. And she's in charge of intelligence. Investigate her thoroughly and prosecute her to the fullest extent of the law.

https://apnews.com/article/gabbard-dni-intelligence-complaint-classified-c697b07bfe27810e086c441e5d7997e1

#DNI #RussianAgent #TraitorMAGA #traitor #impeach #whistleblower #intelligence #security #USPol #government #USPolitics