#Monasticism

John Wycliffe

His last name is also spelled: Wyclif, Wickliffe, & Wicklyf.

He’s an English scholastic philosopher, Christian reformer, Catholic priest, & a theology professor at the University of Oxford. He’s often called the “Morning Star of the Reformation.”

He made radical challenges to the Roman Catholic Church like advocating for or made a vernacular translation of the Vulgate Bible into Middle English. He paved the way for the Protestant Reformation nearly 200 years before Martin Luther.

Before he was a reformer, Wycliffe was a titan of Scholasticism at Oxford. At the time, the intellectual world was divided between Realist & Norminalists. The Norminalists, like William of Ockham, argued that “universals” (like the concept of “justice” or “humanity”) were just names (nomina) we give to groups of individual things.

John was a fierce Realist. He believed that universals were real entities that existed in the mind of God. For Wycliffe, everything in the physical world was a direct reflection of a divine archetype.

Wycliffe’s most radical political theory was the Dominion of Grace. He argued that all authority (dominium) is a gift from God. Which meant that the church wasn’t allowed to own property or have ecclesiastic courts, & men in mortal sin weren’t entitled to exercise authority in the church or state, nor to own property. He added a dangerous caveat: only those in a state of grace have a right to exercise authority.

Wycliffe’s later followers (derogatorily called Lollards by their orthodox contemporaries in the 15th & 16th centuries. Lollards meaning “mumblers” or “idlers.”) adopted a number of the beliefs attributed to Wycliff such as theological virtues, predestination, iconoclasm, & the notion of caesaropapism, with some questioning the veneration of saints, the sacraments, requiem masses, transubstantiation, monasticism, & the legitimacy/role of the Papacy.

Wycliffe was born in the village of Hipswell, near Richmond in the North Riding of Yorkshire, England. In 1356, Wycliffe completed his bachelor of arts degree at Merton College as a junior fellow. That same year, he produced a small treatise, The Last Age of the Church.

In 1361, he was Master of Balliol College in Oxford. That year, he was presented by the college to the parish of Fillingham in Lincolnshire. For this, he had to give up the headship of Balliol College, though he could continue to live at Oxford.

Wycliffe’s greatest legacy is his role in the 1st complete translation of the Bible into Middle English (circa 1382). At the time, the Bible was only available in the Latin Vulgate. This was accessible solely to the educated clergy.

Wycliffe believed that the Bible was the ultimate authority. Then every person (from the King to the “plowman”), needed to be able to read it.

Wycliffe didn’t just translate words. He helped create the English language. He’s credited with introducing, or popularizing, over 1,000 words into English, including: female, justice, communication, treasure, & glory.

His “potent” ideas were blamed for the Peasants’ Revolt of 1381. Wycliffe didn’t endorse the violence, however the rebels used his discourse of “equality before God” & Wycliffe’s critiques of Church wealth to justify their demands.

In the U.S. culture, Wycliffe’s legacy is preserved in 2 distinct ways:

  • The Democratic Spirit of the Bible: The American religious tradition of individual Bible interpretation & the rejection of centralized ecclesiastical authority can be traced directly back to Wycliffe’s “priesthood of all believers.”
  • Wycliffe Bible Translators: Founded in 1942 in California by William Cameron Townsend. This organization (now 1 of the largest of its kind in the world) was named in honor of John Wycliffe. It carries on his mission by translating the Bible into thousands of indigenous languages worldwide.

Wycliffe passed away from a stroke, during a Mass, in 1834. In 1415, the Council of Constance declared him a heretic. In 1428, by order of Pope Martin V, his remains were exhumed from his grave in Lutterworth, burned to ashes, & cast into the River Swift.

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Brewminatebrewminate
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✨🕊️ Syncletica of Alexandria stands as a key figure in early Christian monasticism.

Her teachings and ascetic life helped define the spirituality of the Desert Mothers and influenced centuries of contemplative practice.

brewminate.com/syncletica-of-a

Buddhistdoor Global (BDG)buddhistdoor
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BDG feature: Thích Minh Tuệ Is a Monk – The Dhamma Has Already Decided

🔗 Read more: tinyurl.com/ybw8zrf6

Bodhi 心bodhipaine
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I have started publishing a called Passages, where I document some of this pilgrimage I am on to find a suitable place for monastic ordination:

passagepassage.substack.com/

I would love to know what you think by reading your comments here or on the newsletter.

Everything on there is free to read, or you can subscribe for a donation to support my work and journey.

Stephen Hayeshayesstw@c.im
2025-09-07

One of the world's most sacred places is being turned into a luxury mega-resort

bbc.com/news/articles/c707kx2n
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Gates of Hypnosgatesofhypnos
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ML-066: Егзорцизам - Απόκρυφα

New one from Eastern Serbian sacral dark ambient master Егзорцизам (Exorcism) dedicated to Orthodox monasticism evocates visions of cold corridors carved deep in the rock of sacred Mt Athos.

militantliturgy.bandcamp.com/a

Jonas Atlasjonasatlas
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Here's my full conversation with Addison Hodges Hart on Christian . We discussed how monastic founders subverting the militaristic logic of their time, how Eastern and Western Christianity differed in their approaches, and how we can integrate monastic practices into our own lives today.

creators.spotify.com/pod/show/

Jonas Atlasjonasatlas
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A podcastclip from my conversation with Addison Hodges Hart about the past, present, and (possible) future of Christian . We discuss the differences between Western and Eastern monasticism and how the lives of monastic founders can remain a source of inspiration today.

youtu.be/n9YeCC1SAuM

Stephen Hayeshayesstw@c.im
2025-05-29
2025-03-30

Today's blog post is on medieval prayer gestures in mostly Dominican circles

silencesandsounds.blogspot.com

#prayer #Monasticism #Gesture #AcademicChatter #Medieval #blog #Research

A table of Humbert of Romans' matrix of prayer gestures, with bows, genuflections, and prostrations, plus verbal cues: Action in prayer, grammar of prayer, theatre of prayer. Post title: Dominican Prayer Gestures
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New Medieval Books: The Romance of Mont St. Michel, translated by Thomas E. Vesce medievalists.net/2025/03/new-m #medievalbooks #monasticism #MontStMichel

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New Medieval Books: The Monastic World: A 1,200-Year History, by Andrew Jotischky medievalists.net/2025/02/new-m #monasticism #books #Christianity

Tilda Moose, citizenMattMoose@mastodon.world
2024-12-05

Been genuinely wondering how far #monasticism could #scale up, to the size of an entire town, city, country, etc.

I love the [idea of a] #contemplative life, and am curious to know how #sustainable it could be, eg. combined with growing #organic food locally, doing our own making and mending, and not having to stink up the atmosphere with cars commuting to distant bullshit jobs any more.

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1979 The Monastic Council

In this painting, a group of elderly monks dressed in traditional red and white habits with cross insignia are gathered together. Some hold papers or cards while others have smoking pipes or cigars, suggesting an informal meeting or discussion.

nocontext.loener.nl/fullpage/0

#photography #illustration #madman #nocontext #sfw #religiouslife #monasticism #contemplation #dialogue #tradition

1979 The Monastic Council

In this painting, a group of elderly monks dressed in traditional red and white habits with cross insignia are gathered together. Some hold papers or cards while others have smoking pipes or cigars, suggesting an informal meeting or discussion.
2024-10-25
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CHICAGO AREA FRIENDS:

I'm speaking at #Northwestern tomorrow (Thurs 10/24/24) on "What the Nuns Heard:
The Politics of Sound in the Observant Reform of Kirchheim unter Teck"

It's at 4p in the Bienen School of Music

#Nuntastic #Soundscape #Music #Medieval
#Histodons #Monasticism #Dominicans #ObservantReforms #15thc #CountsBehavingBadly #AmWriting

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A new blog post, this one on Political Scientist Sean Gray’s typology of political silences

#silence #PoliticalTheory #Monasticism #AmWriting #AcWri #AcademicChatter

silencesandsounds.blogspot.com

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