b/c these are hobbyhorses of mine: Fragile masculinity is an entire whole-ass critical theory hypothesis that has done very well in empirical studies. It has to do with the cultural institution of masculinity and how it operates to shape or dominate men's behavior. A longer explanation is needed but a core element of masculinity in this theory (hence the name) is that it is a status conferred on men conditionally (i.e., not just because you grew pubes or turned 18), and it can be (and often is) taken away, leading to devastating consequences for any man in that culture who loses it. Men are, therefore, strongly motivated to maintain their masculinity, performing regular--sometimes multiple daily--actions to demonstrate their fitness as a "man" to culturally important people around them.






